RCSLT Online Outcome Tool

TOMs scales

The Therapy Outcome Measure (TOM) includes a number of 'adapted' scales, which are based on the 'core' TOM but have been developed for specific client groups. These contain descriptors that have been developed by experts working in those areas, and aim to improve inter-rater reliability.

The table, below, sets out the TOM scales that have been developed to date and whether these are:

Developed/fully tested: scales that have been fully tested and published.
In development: scales that are undergoing inter-rater reliability testing.

Scales 0-68 are published in the Therapy Outcome Measure User Guide (Enderby and John, 2019). These are also available on the ROOT.
Scales 69-85 will be published in the next version of the TOM user guide, expected early Spring 2025. Once the new book has been published, we will be working to update the ROOT to reflect changes and to add new scales.

TOMs scale	Status	Available on the ROOT?
0. Core scale	Developed/fully tested	Yes
1. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
2. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025	Yes
3. Autistic Spectrum Disorder	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025	Yes – 2019 version
4. Cardiac Rehabilitation	Developed/fully tested	Yes
5. Cerebral Palsy	Developed/fully tested	Yes
6. Developmental Language Disorder(formerly Child Language Impairment)	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025	Yes – 2019 version
7. Challenging Behaviour and Forensic Mental Health	Developed/fully tested	Yes
8. Chronic Pain	Developed/fully tested	Yes
9. Cleft Lip and Palate	Developed/fully tested	Yes
10. Cognition	Developed/fully tested	Yes
11. Complex and Multiple Difficulty	Developed/fully tested	Yes
12. Dementia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
13. Diabetes	Developed/fully tested	Yes
14. Dietetic Intervention for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease	Developed/fully tested	Yes
15. Dietetic Intervention for Enteral Feeding: Paediatrics	Developed/fully tested	Yes
16. Dietetic Intervention for Home Enteral Feeding: Adult	Developed/fully tested	Yes
17. Dietetic Intervention for Irritable Bowel Syndrome	Developed/fully tested	Yes
18. Dietetic Intervention for Obesity: Paediatric	Developed/fully tested	Yes
19. Dietetic Intervention for Obesity: Adult	Developed/fully tested	Yes
20. Dietetic Intervention for Undernutrition: Paediatrics	Developed/fully tested	Yes
21. Dietetic Intervention for Undernutrition: Adults	Developed/fully tested	Yes
22. Dysarthria	Developed/fully tested	Yes
23. Dysfluency	Developed/fully tested	Yes
24. Dysphagia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
25. Dysphasia/Aphasia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
26. Dysphonia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
27. Dyspraxia: Developmental Coordination Difficulties	Developed/fully tested	Yes
28. Equipment services	Developed/fully tested	Yes
29. Head injury	Developed/fully tested	Yes
30. Hearing Impairment/Deafness	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025 with new title: Deaf or Hard of Hearing	Yes – 2019 version
31. Incontinence	Developed/fully tested	Yes
32. Laryngectomy	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025 with new title: Laryngectomy/surgical voice restoration	Yes – 2019 version
33. Learning Disability: Communication	Developed/fully tested	Yes
34. Mental health	Developed/fully tested	Yes
35. Mental Health: Anxiety Disorders	Developed/fully tested	Yes
36. Multifactorial Conditions	Developed/fully tested	Yes
37. Musculoskeletal	Developed/fully tested	Yes
38. Neurological Disorders (including Progressive Neurological Disorders)	Developed/fully tested	Yes
39. Palliative Care	Developed/fully tested	Yes
40. Phonological Disorder	Developed/fully tested but currently under review (not for 2025 edition)	Yes
41. Podiatric Conditions	Developed/fully tested	Yes
42. Postnatal Depression	Developed/fully tested	Yes
43. Respiratory Care: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)	Developed/fully tested	Yes
44. Schizophrenia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
45. Stroke	Developed/fully tested	Yes
46. Tracheostomy	Developed/fully tested	Yes
47. Wound Care	Developed/fully tested	Yes
48. Sensory Processing Difficulties	Developed/fully tested	Yes
49. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ME	Developed/fully tested	Yes
50. Paediatric Dysphagia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
51. Selective Mutism	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025	Yes – 2019 version
52. Acquired Dyspraxia of Speech	Developed/fully tested	Yes
53. Parent-Infant Responsiveness	Developed/fully tested new title 2025: Parent/Lead Carer-Infant Responsiveness	Yes
54. Oral Hygiene	Developed/fully tested	Yes
55. Oral Aversion	Developed/fully tested	Yes
56. Orthopaedic: Hip and Knee Surgery	Developed/fully tested	Yes
57. Acquired Motor Dyspraxia	Developed/fully tested	Yes
58. Transgender: Communication	Developed/fully tested updated for 2025 with new title: Trans, non-binary, and gender diverse services	Yes – 2019 version
59. Trismus	Developed/fully tested	Yes
60. Cognitive Communication Disorder	Developed/fully tested	Yes
61. Velopharyngeal Dysfunction	Developed/fully tested	Yes
62. Vocal Tract Discomfort	Developed/fully tested	Yes
63. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	Developed/fully tested	Yes
64. Auditory Impairment/Deafness/Partially Hearing	Developed/fully tested *but being withdrawn for 2025 user guide - use scale 30.*	Yes
65. Infant Pre-feeding Skills	Developed/fully tested	Yes
66. Social Communication Difficulty	Developed/fully tested	Yes
67. Pragmatic Communication Disorder	Developed/fully tested	Yes
68. Articulation Disorder	Developed/fully tested	Yes
69. Chronic Cough	Developed/fully tested	No
70. Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO)	Developed/fully tested	No
71. Orthotic Scale	In development	No
72. Prosthetic Scale	In development	No
73. Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Stroke Rehabilitation	Developed/fully tested	No
74. Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Adult Learning Disability Community	In development	No
75. Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Paediatric Learning Disability & Complex Needs	Developed/fully tested	No
76. Adult Learning Difficulties Dysphagia	In development	No
77. Regulation and Behaviours that Challenge	In development	No
78. Long Covid Rehabilitation	Developed/fully tested	No
78a. Long Covid Nutritional Disorder	Developed/fully tested	No
79. Case management/personal injury rehabilitation	Developed/fully tested	No
80. Falls	In development	No
81. Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder	In development	No
82. Children and Young People (CYP) Respiratory Physiotherapy	Developed/fully tested	No
83. Mental Health Communication	In development	No
84. Mouth Care	Developed/fully tested	No
85. Uninhibited Primitive Reflexes	Developed/fully tested	No

We are aware of further scales such as for Epilepsy and Neonatal care which are also being developed but will not be included in the 2025 version of the User Guide.

Please contact Professor Enderby directly for more information about the scales in development or under review: p.m.enderby@sheffield.ac.uk

NB. If you are working on developing/adapting a TOM scale for a particular client group or service, please ensure that you are doing so as per Chapter 6 of the Therapy Outcome Measure User Guide (Enderby and John, 2019).

The following table lists scales that have been developed by practitioners to be used alongside the TOMs scale (above) to provide additional information.

Accompanying scales (additional to TOMs)	Status	Available on the ROOT?
Practitioner confidence questionnaire	Developed/fully tested	No
Feeding/mealtime enjoyment for babies	Developed/fully tested	No
Carer confidence scale	Developed/fully tested	No
Support for client: environmental controls services	Developed/fully tested integrated into scale 28 for 2025 version	No
Supporting equipment use (AAC)	Developed/fully tested integrated into scale 2 for 2025 version	Yes – as part of the AAC scale
Participation in learning	Developed/fully tested	No
TOM PROM	Developed/fully tested new to 2025 user guide	No
Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM)	Developed/fully tested new to 2025 user guide	No

RCSLT Online Outcome Tool

Therapy Outcome Measures

TOMs scales